Seed and Plant Improvement Institute
Crop Breeding Journal
2008-868X
2423-4605
7
2
2017
11
01
Genetic diversity for high- and low-molecular weight glutenin subunits in local and commercial bread wheat cultivars released since 1951 in Iran: I- Irrigated
1
7
EN
M.
Esmaeilzadeh Moghaddam
0000-0002-7805-264X
Seed and Plant Improvement Institute, Karaj, Iran.
esmaeilzadehmohsen@ymail.com
M. R.
Jalal Kamali
0000-0002-8733-6820
International Maize and Wheat Improvement Center
mrjalalkamali@gmail.com
R. J.
Pena
International Maize and Wheat Improvement Center (CIMMYT)
j.pena@cgiar.org
G.
Najafian
0000-0003-4400-564X
Seed and Plant Improvement Institute,Agricultural Research, Education and Extension Organization, Karaj, Iran
goodarzn@yahoo.co.uk
10.22092/cbj.2018.115186.1011
<strong>Allelic variations at the <em>Glu-1 </em>and <em>Glu-3 </em>loci play an important role in determining dough visco-elastic properties and bread making quality. Fifty-nine bread wheat cultivars released in Iran since 1951 from four different agro-climate zones, were examined for their high (HMW-GS) and low-molecular-weight glutenin subunit (LMW-GS) composition, controlled at the <em>Glu-1 </em>and <em>Glu-3 </em>loci, respectively. In addition, the presence of the 1B.1R translocation was investigated. Three, eight, and four allelic variations were present at <em>Glu-A1</em>, <em>Glu-B1</em>, and <em>Glu-D1</em> loci, respectively. Subunits 2*, 7</strong><strong>+</strong><strong>8, 7</strong><strong>+</strong><strong>9, and 2</strong><strong>+</strong><strong>12 are the dominant HMW-GS, at <em>Glu-A1</em>, <em>Glu-B1</em>, and <em>Glu-D1</em>, with frequencies of 45.8, 39, 25.4, and 59.3%, respectively. Five, eight and four allelic variations were present at the <em>Glu-A3,</em> <em>Glu-B3 </em>and<em> Glu-D3 </em>loci, with <em>Glu-A3c</em>, <em>Glu-B3b and Glu-D3b </em>LMW-GS dominating, with frequencies of 52.5, 39 and 59.3%, respectively. The frequencies of allelic variation at <em>Glu-1 </em>and <em>Glu-3 </em>differ greatly in different regions. Among the 59 cultivars/varieties examined in this study, four genotypes were local varieties (6.8%), 27 (45.8%) bred in the national breeding program and 28 (47.4%) originated from international nurseries. The average quality scores based on HMW-GS for local varieties, genotypes from the national breeding program and international nurseries were 5.5, 7.6 and 7.7 respectively. It was concluded that integration of desirable subunits at <em>Glu</em>-<em>1 </em>such as 1, 7</strong><strong>+</strong><strong>8, 5</strong><strong>+</strong><strong>10, must be used as the core focus of the breeding program, which could lead to the improvement of gluten quality in Iranian bread wheat cultivars.</strong>
Glutenin,allelic variation,SDS-PAGE,Triticum aestivum
https://cbjournal.areeo.ac.ir/article_116507.html
https://cbjournal.areeo.ac.ir/article_116507_6844f8a306b4a1e05fafd0e1f26cb77a.pdf
Seed and Plant Improvement Institute
Crop Breeding Journal
2008-868X
2423-4605
7
2
2017
11
01
Genetic diversity for high- and low-molecular weight glutenin subunits in local and commercial bread wheat cultivars released since 1951 in Iran: II- Rainfed
9
14
EN
M.
Esmaeilzadeh Moghaddam
0000-0002-7805-264X
Seed and Plant Improvement Institute, Karaj, Iran.
esmaeilzadehmohsen@ymail.com
M. R.
Jalal Kamali
0000-0002-8733-6820
International Maize and Wheat Improvement Center
mrjalalkamali@gmail.com
J.
Pena
International Maize and Wheat Improvement Center (CIMMYT)
j.pena@cgiar.org
M.
Roostaee
Dryland Agricultural Research Institute, Agricultural Extension, Education and Research Organization (AREEO), Maraghe, Iran
roustaii@yahoo.com
10.22092/cbj.2018.120326.1021
<strong>Allelic variations at the <em>Glu-1 </em>and <em>Glu-3 </em>loci play an important role in determining dough visco-elastic properties and bread making quality. Thirteen bread wheat cultivars released in Iran since 1930 from three different agro-climate zones adapted for dryland conditions, were examined for their high (HMW-GS) and low (LMW-GS) -molecular-weight glutenin subunits composition, controlled at the <em>Glu-1 </em>and <em>Glu-3 </em>loci, respectively. In addition, the presence of the 1B.1R translocation was investigated. Three, six, and two allelic variations were present at <em>Glu-A1</em>, <em>Glu-B1</em>, and <em>Glu-D1</em> loci, respectively. Subunits 2*, 7</strong><strong>+</strong><strong>8, and 2</strong><strong>+</strong><strong>12 are the dominant HMW-GS, at <em>Glu-A1</em>, <em>Glu-B1</em>, and <em>Glu-D1</em>, with frequencies of 77, 46.2, and 54%, respectively. Four, five and five allelic variations were present at the <em>Glu-A3,</em> <em>Glu-B3 </em>and<em> Glu-D3 </em>loci, with <em>Glu-A3e</em>, <em>Glu-B3i and Glu-D3b </em>LMW-GS dominating, with frequencies of 46.2, 54 and 69.2%, respectively. The frequencies of allelic variation at <em>Glu-1 </em>and <em>Glu-3 </em>differ greatly in different regions. Among the 13 cultivars/varieties examined in this study, three genotypes were local varieties (23%), four (31%) were bred by Iran’s national breeding program, and six (46%) originated from international nurseries. The average quality scores based on HMW-GS for local varieties, genotypes from the national breeding program and international nurseries was the same with a score of 8. Research led to the conclusion that integrating desirable subunits at <em>Glu</em>-<em>1 </em>such as 1, 7</strong><strong>+</strong><strong>8, 5</strong><strong>+</strong><strong>10, should be the main focus of the country’s rainfed wheat breeding program, to achieve the goal of improving of gluten quality in Iranian bread wheat cultivars adapted to dryland conditions.</strong>
Glutenin,allelic variation,SDS-PAGE,Triticum aestivum
https://cbjournal.areeo.ac.ir/article_116508.html
https://cbjournal.areeo.ac.ir/article_116508_857ca16b49566112470c3f0843adba15.pdf
Seed and Plant Improvement Institute
Crop Breeding Journal
2008-868X
2423-4605
7
2
2017
11
01
Genetic multiplex state study of some advanced potato clones conferring Potato virus Y NTN (PVYNTN ) extreme resistance
15
22
EN
A.
Mousapour Gorji
Seed and Plant Improvement Institute, Agricultural Research, Education and Extension Organization (AREEO), Karaj, Iran
mousapour_gorji@yahoo.com
R.
Ahmadvand
Seed and Plant Improvement Institute, Agricultural Research, Education and Extension Organization (AREEO), Karaj, Iran
ahmadvandra@gmail.com
J.
Taller
Department of Plant Science and Biotechnology, University of Pannonia, Keszthely, Hungary
taller1223@gmail.com
W.
István
Potato Research Centre, University of Pannonia, Keszthely, Hungary.
Z.
Polgár
Potato Research Centre, University of Pannonia, Keszthely, Hungary
polg-zs@georgikon.hu
10.22092/cbj.2018.112932.
<strong><em>Potato virus </em></strong><strong>Y is known as the most important potato-infecting agent in many parts of the world. In this study, the genetic structure of 16 advanced potato clones that carry the alleles of <em>Ry</em> as an extreme resistance genewereinvestigated. Additionally, multiplex (duplex, triplex or quadruplex) state of genetic of selected clones, where the alleles originate from different species such as <em>Solanum stoloniferum</em> (4X), <em>S. tuberosum</em> subsp. <em>andigena</em> (4X), <em>S. hougassi</em> (6X), were evaluated </strong><strong>using artificial mechanical and graft inoculations under greenhouse conditions. ELISA was used to confirm experimental materials infection.</strong><strong> Results showed that potato clones designated as 96.353, 97.557, 97.559, 97.560, 98.433, 99.373, 99.384, 397097-2, 397082-10, 397074-9, 397081-1 and 396136-1 contain extreme resistance genes (ER) against PVY<sup>NTN.</sup>. These selected clones were crossed with a PVY<sup>NTN</sup> susceptible line, S440. At least 200 genotypes of each family were evaluated in three replications using mechanical infection with the PVY<sup>NTN</sup>.<em> Chi</em> square test was used to prove the fitness of observed segregation ratios in comparison to predicted ones. The results of <em>X</em><sup>2</sup> test showed that 99.373, 99.384 and 98.433 clones follow the duplex manner while 96.353, 97.560 and 97.559 were carrying the resistance gene in a simplex state. For 97.557, 397097-2, 397082-10, 397074-9, 397081-1 and 396136-1, there was a significant difference between the observed and expected ratios even for simplex, duplex or triplex stages. The identified duplex genotypes have the potential to provide a durable PVY genetic resistance and can decrease the virus titer in the harboring genotype. </strong>
hetero multiplex,Potato,resistance
https://cbjournal.areeo.ac.ir/article_116509.html
https://cbjournal.areeo.ac.ir/article_116509_a0de1077fe2619f23cc4044dc8bb9b65.pdf
Seed and Plant Improvement Institute
Crop Breeding Journal
2008-868X
2423-4605
7
2
2017
11
01
Identifying superior barley (Hordeum vulgare L.) genotypes using GGE-biplot across warm and moderate environments under irrigated conditions in Iran
23
35
EN
Z.
Taheripourfard
Department of Agronomy and Plant Breeding Sciences, College of Aburaihan
zstaheri@ut.ac.ir
A.
Izadi-Darbandi
Department of Agronomy and Plant Breeding Sciences, College of Aburaihan, University of Tehran
aizady@ut.ac.ir
H.
Ghazvini
0000-0002-0840-5585
Seed and Plant Improvement Institute, Karaj, Iran.
habib_ghaz@yahoo.com
M.
Ebrahimi
Department of Agronomy and Plant Breeding Sciences, College of Aburaihan, University of Tehran
mebrahimi@ut.ac.ir
S. M. M.
Mortazavian
Department of Agronomy and Plant Breeding Sciences, College of Aburaihan, University of Tehran
mortazavian@ut.ac.ir
M.
Abdipour
Department of Agronomy and Plant Breeding Science, University of Yasouj,Yasouj, Iran
abdipur.m@gmail.com
10.22092/cbj.2018.115311.1013
<strong>Multi-environmental trials (METs) are essential </strong><strong>to study</strong><strong> genotype by environment interaction (GEI) for effective line (s) selection and cultivar recommendations in breeding programs. Twenty promising barley genotypes were studied across 12 environments in a randomized complete block design with three replications in six different warm and moderate sites in Iran across two cropping seasons (2014-2015 and 2015-2016) using the GGE-biplot method. The combined analysis of variance revealed that environment accounted for 49.3% of the total variation while G and GE-interaction (GEI) explained 4.4% and 25.1%, respectively. Three genotypes, G6, G8, and G18, were superior in terms of high performance and stability. The 12 test environments were grouped into three different mega-environments (Mega-1, 2 and 3). Genotypes G16, G20 and G9 were identified as the best winning genotypes in Mega-1, 2 and 3, respectively. Based on the GGE-biplot, genotype G3 was found to be the ideal genotype and environments (E8 and E9) were found to be the ideal environments. GGE-biplot provided a reasonable visual examination of the relationships among the test environments, the genotypes, and the GEI. Overall, genotype G3 was better than the other genotypes and is recommended for the warm sites of Iran. </strong>
Barley,GE interaction,GGE-biplot,Grain yield,Multi-environmental trials
https://cbjournal.areeo.ac.ir/article_116510.html
https://cbjournal.areeo.ac.ir/article_116510_5031d982f18e473aa74c15b7f784f32e.pdf
Seed and Plant Improvement Institute
Crop Breeding Journal
2008-868X
2423-4605
7
2
2017
11
01
Production and evaluation of bread wheat doubled haploid lines with resistance to stem rust (Puccinia graminis f. sp. tritici)
37
47
EN
F.
Bakhtiar
0000-0002-7934-2593
Assistant Professor, Seed and plant Improvement Institute, Agriculture Research Education and Extension Organization (AREEO), Karaj, Iran
f_bakhtiar2002@yahoo.com
H.
Ghazvini
0000-0002-0840-5585
Associate Professor, Seed and plant Improvement Institute, Agriculture Research Education and Extension Organization (AREEO), Karaj, Iran
habib_ghaz@yahoo.com
M.
Aghaee Sarbarzeh
0000-0002-3232-9690
Professor Seed and plant Improvement Institute, Agriculture Research Education and Extension Organization (AREEO), Karaj, Iran
sarbarzeh@gmail.com
F.
Afshari
0000-0002-7772-1338
Professor Seed and plant Improvement Institute, Agriculture Research Education and Extension Organization (AREEO), Karaj, Iran
fafshari2003@yahoo.com
10.22092/cbj.2018.115372.1014
<strong>Stem rust, caused by <em>Puccinia graminis</em> f. sp. <em>tritici</em>, is a devastating wheat disease, which can cause serious grain yield reduction</strong><strong>.</strong><strong> Doubled haploid (DH) technique reduces the time required for the development of new varieties by up to almost five years. In this study, three F1 wheat hybrids including W1: Ghods*3/MV17, W2: Flanders/3*Ghods and W3: Hybrid de Bersee/3*Ghods along with three maize genotypes, H1: KSC 108, H2: SC 301 and H3: SC 704, along with a mixture of pollen grains of these three genotypes (H4) were used to generate DH lines. During DH lines production some characteristics, such as percentage of seed set, haploid embryo and haploid plantlets, were studied. In total, 150 DH lines resulting from all crosses, along with their parents and three check cultivars, Parsi, Mihan and Bolani, were evaluated for their infection type to <em>Pgt</em> races PTMNC, TTSTK and TTKSK. Results indicated that differences between check cultivars for coefficient of infection induced with race PTMNC at the adult plant stage was significant. Also, for infection type at the seedling stage, differences between check cultivars inoculated with race TTSTK were significant (P<0.01), but non-significant reactions were observed for races PTMNC and TTKSK. Cluster analysis based on infection type and coefficient of infection showed that DH lines were classified into two major groups of susceptible and resistant when induced with all three races. In general, out of 150 DH lines that were evaluated at the adult plant stage with race PTMNC, 41 lines were resistant, and 109 lines were susceptible, while more than 50% of resistant lines belonged to the W3 population.</strong>
Wheat,Doubled haploid,Race,Stem rust
https://cbjournal.areeo.ac.ir/article_116511.html
https://cbjournal.areeo.ac.ir/article_116511_373a7ce3c4cb6b556943bad23ae165b3.pdf
Seed and Plant Improvement Institute
Crop Breeding Journal
2008-868X
2423-4605
7
2
2017
11
01
Morpho-physiological response of rapeseed (Brassica napus L.) genotypes to drought stress
49
56
EN
B.
Pasban Eslam
Associate Professor of Crop and Horticultural Science Research Department, East Azarbaijan Agricultural and Natural Resources Research and Education Center, Agricultural Research, Education and Extension Organization (AREEO), Tabriz, Iran.
b_pasbaneslam@yahoo.com
H.
Monirifar
Department of Agronomy and Plant Breeding, Faculty of Agriculture, Azarbaijan Shahid Madani University, Tabriz, Iran.
monirifar@yahoo.com
A. R.
Sadeghi bakhtavari
Department of Agronomy and Plant Breeding, Faculty of Agriculture, Azarbaijan Shahid Madani University, Tabriz, Iran
sadeghi.amir@yahoo.com
10.22092/cbj.2018.116331.1019
<strong>This study was conducted to evaluate the physiological indices in relation to screening of rapeseed genotypes for drought tolerance, and to study seed yield and seed yield components under early and late season drought stress. Six rapeseed genotypes were evaluated under non-stressed and water deficit conditions during rosette and seed filling stages. The experiments were conducted in East Azarbaijan Agricultural and Natural Resources Research and Education Center, Iran for 2 years (2010-2011 and 2012-2013). According to the results, canopy temperature (T<sub>c</sub>) was increased, stomatal conductance (K<sub>l</sub>) and relative water content (RWC) were decreased significantly by drought stress during the rosette and seed filling stages. Correlations among the aforementioned physiological traits at seed filling stage with each other and with seed yield were significant. It seems that these physiological traits can reflect the drought effects in rapeseed genotypes. Among the genotypes, significant differences were observed for K<sub>l</sub> at seed filling and RWC at rosette stages. While, Okapi and Licord having the highest seed yield, presented the highest K<sub>l</sub> during seed filling and RWC at rosette stages. Therefore, T<sub>c</sub>, K<sub>l</sub> and RWC can be used to screen rapeseed genotypes for tolerance to drought stress. Drought stress during the seed filling stage significantly decreased plant height, the number of siliques per plant, 1,000-seeds weight and seed yield. Results of path analysis indicated that plant height and yield components indicated positive direct effect on seed yield. Plant height had the highest direct effects on seed yield. Among the genotypes, Okapi and Licord were more suitable for cultivation in normal and drought conditions.</strong>
Physiological index,seed yield,Water deficit,Yield components
https://cbjournal.areeo.ac.ir/article_116512.html
https://cbjournal.areeo.ac.ir/article_116512_b0d566933d56c9198a1698e744a6bedc.pdf
Seed and Plant Improvement Institute
Crop Breeding Journal
2008-868X
2423-4605
7
2
2017
11
01
Study of genetic control of salinity tolerance in bread wheat cv. Kavir-using generation mean analysis
57
66
EN
S. Z.
Ravari
0000-0003-2009-6794
Former Ph. D. Student of TMU and Current Assistant Professor, Faculty member of Seed and Plant Improvement Department, Kerman Agricultural and Natural Resources Research and Education Center, AREEO, Kerman, Iran
sz.ravari@yahoo.com
H.
Dehghani
0000-0003-3267-5144
Department of Plant Breeding
Faculty of Agriculture
Tarbiat Modares University
Tehran
dehghanr@modares.ac.ir
H.
Naghavi
Assistant Professor, Faculty member Soil and Water Research Department, Kerman Agricultural and Natural Resources Research and Education Center, AREEO, Kerman, Iran.
h.naghavi@areeo.ac.ir
10.22092/cbj.2018.115180.1010
<strong>Kavir wheat is one of the salinity tolerant cultivars that have been improved in Iran. In this research, F<sub>1</sub>, BC<sub>1</sub>, BC<sub>2</sub> and F<sub>2</sub> generations derived from a cross between Kavir × Arta and Kavir × Moghan3 (Arta and Moghan3 are susceptible to salinity) were evaluated through generation mean analysis in non-stress and salinity stress conditions in a randomized complete block design with three replications at the Agriculture Research Center of Kerman. The irrigation water salinity was 0.63 and 15 dS/m in non-stress and stress conditions, respectively. The salinity of farm soil was 2.1 dS/m in both conditions. The traits of flowering and maturity time, plant height, flag leaf relative water content, amount of Na<sup>+</sup> and K<sup>+ </sup>in flag leaf, yield per plant and hundred seed weight were recorded for each treatment during the growth season and after harvest. The frequency distribution showed that Kavir was the superior parent in terms of the amount of Na<sup>+</sup> while Arta and Moghan3 were the superior parent in terms of the amount of K<sup>+</sup> and K<sup>+</sup>/Na<sup>+</sup> in non-stress conditions. The concentration of Na<sup>+</sup> decreased and the concentration of K<sup>+</sup> and K<sup>+</sup>/Na<sup>+</sup> increased in Kavir in stress conditions, while this condition was contrary in Arta and Moghan3. These results showed that when the plant encounters stress, some genes will be activated, which will result in a decrease in the concentration of Na<sup>+</sup> and increase K<sup>+</sup> uptake. Scale test results rejected the adequacy of the additive-dominance model and confirmed the presence of epistatic effects for these traits (except for K<sup>+</sup>/Na<sup>+</sup> in stress conditions) in both environments. None of these tests were significant for the K<sup>+</sup>/Na<sup>+</sup> in stress conditions. This result showed that the K<sup>+</sup>/Na<sup>+</sup> was affected by additive × additive gene effect and the adequacy of the three-parametric models in the joint scaling test also confirmed this.</strong>
Wheat,Salinity,tolerance,Generation mean analysis
https://cbjournal.areeo.ac.ir/article_116513.html
https://cbjournal.areeo.ac.ir/article_116513_0644c3389520b6f49e052cc854bb160a.pdf
Seed and Plant Improvement Institute
Crop Breeding Journal
2008-868X
2423-4605
7
2
2017
11
01
Pomological attributes among Iranian sour pomegranates (Punica granatum L.)
67
73
EN
T.
Basaki
Department of Agricultural Science, Payame Noor University, I.R of IRAN
biotechnology83@gmail.com
M.
Khayam Nekouei
Faculty of Biological Science, Tarbiat Modares University,Tehran, Iran.
mojtabakhayam@gmail.com
S.
Faraji
Agricultural and Natural Resources Research Center of Markazi Province, Arak, Iran
sfaraji1361@gmail.com
M.
Zeinalabedin
Agricultural Biotechnology Research Institute of Iran, Agricultural Research, Education and Extension Organization (AREEO), Karaj, Iran.
mzeinolabedini@abrii.ac.ir
P.
Yazdanpanah
Department of Plant Sciences, Faculty of Biological Sciences, Kharazmi University, Tehran, 15719-14911,Iran
yazdanpanah.parisa@gmail.com
10.22092/cbj.2018.120155.1020
<strong>Pomegranate is one of the most important horticultural crops in Iran. Fruit pomological characterization has usually been used for the assessment of pomegranate germplasm, and is a crucial step before the beginning of any molecular study. In spite of the commercial importance of Iranian pomegranate fruit worldwide, </strong><strong>little information is available on the attributes of some of its genotypes</strong><strong>. In this two-year study, 15 pomological attributes of 38 sour pomegranate genotypes growing in Markazi province were evaluated. A great variability was found among pomegranate genotypes in fruit weight and size, calyx size, </strong><strong>100 arils (g), </strong><strong>total soluble solid contents, </strong><strong>peel thickness, crack sensitivity, </strong><strong>aril adhesion to the skin</strong><strong>, aril colour, aril juiciness and seed hardiness</strong><strong>. </strong><strong>Some genotypes were notable for their various characteristics. For example,"6-3-S"genotypes with large fruit and good aril yield, red color, juicy aril, soft seeds, slight adhesion of the aril to the skin and low sensitivity to cracking is promising genotype for food processing and marketing. A greater part of variance was counted by traits such as </strong><strong>calyx diameter, calyx length</strong><strong>, </strong><strong>fruit length</strong><strong>, </strong><strong>fruit weight</strong><strong> and </strong><strong>aril weight that</strong><strong> showed wide variability among accessions and could be utilized for future breeding programs. </strong>
Pomegranate,Pomology,Fruit,Iran
https://cbjournal.areeo.ac.ir/article_116514.html
https://cbjournal.areeo.ac.ir/article_116514_0581f71227708511b6ac8bc87d4ff0f2.pdf